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The art of growing plants without soil (hydroponic growth) is now so advanced that it can help humans to survive for long periods in previously inhospitable environments such as Antarctica.

Traditional plant growth relies on plants absorbing minerals and nutrients from the soil. plants do not actually need to be placed in soil to obtain the nutrients they need. In fact the soil is simply there to support them. There are many areas on Earth which do not have the necessary soils to support plant growth, preventing humans from living there.

Over recent years, this restriction has been combated by growing plants hydroponically. Hydroponics uses nutrient solutions applied directly to the roots instead of soil, in order to allow the plants to grow in unlikely places.

One of the earliest hydroponic success stories happened on Wake island in the Pacific ocean. The island was first discovered in 1568 by lvaro de Mendaa de Nevra, who noted that it was a low, barren island. Later, when the island was surveyed in 1840 by the US Commodore Charles Wilkes, it was officially recorded as having no fresh water.

In the 1930s, Pan American Airlines began using the island as a refuelling stop between America and China. The airline constructed a village for its workers; the first time the island had been inhabited by humans. Because of the distances involved, it would have been expensive and impractical to import fresh food to the island, so the islanders relied on hydroponic methods for growing food instead for many years.

Hydroponic techniques are not as new or miraculous as some people may think; they have been developed over many centuries. However, perfecting the nutrient solutions which are used will really affect the success of hydroponic crops in remote or harsh conditions.

Perhaps the harshest environment of all is Antarctica. At the McMurdo station on Ross island, a community of nearly 1000 people survive by relying on hydroponic techniques to grow food.

These techniques allow people at this icy station to enjoy fresh lettuce, spinach, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, fruit and herbs for use in cooking, throughout the year.

The Antarctic environment is unusual because it enjoys four months of continuous sunlight, followed by four months of darkness, not to mention high winds and extremes of temperature.

To survive this harsh climate, seeds are planted in a hydroponic mix of perlite and vermiculite and placed in a totally enclosed, insulated greenhouse at the station. Nutrient solutions are fed to the plants to ensure healthy growth and other environmental factors are dealt with by using hydroponic techniques. For example, artificial lighting is used to simulate a more normal day to night pattern in which the plants will grow best. The air is kept warm and humid by fans and hydroponic ventilation equipment, and at night an electric furnace is used to generate more heat. This gives the fresh fruit and vegetables ideal growing conditions to allow them to flourish.

Hydroponic techniques are now so advanced that we really are able to grow food anywhere on Earth, regardless of the external environment or the availability of light.

Growing food hydroponically is a fascinating process, making commercial sense for many growers who are now able to produce on a large scale without an enormous land investment.

In fact, the same techniques which keep people alive in Antarctica can be practiced in your own home using a hydroponic kit available online from Great Stuff Hydroponics. Kits and equipment for commercial growers are also available online, along with information downloads and expert advice.

Find out more about Great Stuff Hydroponics at http://www.hydroponics-hydroponics.com

About Great Stuff Hydroponics

Great Stuff Hydroponics is based in Middlesborough (UK) and supplies a vast array of hydroponic equipment for all your hydroponic plant cultivation needs. The Great Stuff Hydroponics showroom is open Monday to Friday 9am-5pm and Saturday10am-2pm. sales can also be placed online at http://www.hydroponics-hydroponics.com

Please direct all media queries, requests for press information and editorial details, to Rebecca Appleton. Tel: 0208 123 5178 or email: press@topposition.co.uk

// posted by 58378 @ 7:59 PM 0 comments

What's missing from las Vegas newspapers, TV and radio this week?

The answer is easy for Sin City denizens: casino super Bowl party ads.

That's because there aren't any big bashes planned, at least the kind where you pay a C-note, watch the game on widescreens, stuff yourself with all-you-can-eat "stadium fare" and get intoxicated with friends at open bars ... a big part of the vegas mystique.

The Goliath nfl wiped them out last year, holding potential lawsuits over resorts that didn't kowtow to demands they cease and desist from airing the game at events people pay to get in.

The league cited broadcasting rights.

Oh, the gleaming alabaster palaces still will roll out red carpets for the rich, famous and media types, cook up fancy food (medallions of veal anyone?) and throw open the liquor cabinet, top shelf and all, but casinos don't like to discuss these "private" affairs.

Someone might be left out, inadvertently or otherwise.

Besides, letting the public know how the other half lives isn't real strip smart.

Many resorts will show the big Pittsburgh-Seattle game throughout their casinos, offering food and drink specials.

Vegans and tourists also have the option of watching super Bowl XL in sports books throughout Nevada; just come early, stake your claim (some bet shops feature more comfortable chairs than others), make your wagers and start searching for those specials.

Harrah's will give patrons super Bowl t-shirts with $50 parlay wagers and showing the game at its Piano, Carnaval, Winning Streaks and other bars, while Fiesta Rancho will give away a 2006 Dodge Ram during festivities.

Many former nfl stars will spend super Bowl weekend in Sin City, but most will maintain low profiles to escape media glare.

They'll limit public appearances to things like "tributes" and charity auctions, then mix and mingle "privately."

john Elway, for one, should thank the Steelers for creaming Denver in the AFC title game, as he already was committed here. So's Dan marino, who never really had a reason to believe he'd be anywhere else on super Bowl Sunday.

Philadelphia bad boy Terrell Owens will paint the town red, starting at 10 p.m. Friday at Caesars Palace's upscale PURE Nightclub; a deejay will focus on rock and rap music.

like all free Americans, Vegans also can watch matt Hasselback and Ben Roethlesberger duel in the friendly confines of their favorite pub, or tavern; they're on many neighborhood corners, like anywhere else.

The Steelers have several fan bars in vegas while the Seahawks have one.

Bob Taylor's Ranch House and Supper Club in the far northwest valley has catered to las Vegans since 1955.

The current owner hails from Pittsburgh and has turned the classy steak house saloon into a Steelers bastion.

"We'll have food specials, beer specials, shots and everyone will be dressed in yellow and black," a restaurant spokeswoman said.

"Everything we cook is mesquite grilled, you know.

"We're having a big super Bowl party."

So is Rascals, another Steelers stronghold on Vegas' East Side.

"We have a free super Bowl buffet -- actually, it's pretty nice and I'd be here myself (even) if I didn't have to work -- for anyone who buys a $25 square on our board," said a lady who answered the phone.

"But we only have two squares left, so we'll think up another gimmick by Friday so those who didn't get down on this one get another chance for free buffets.

"We'll have free well drinks too and 50-cent drink tickets that let you uprade on brands.

"And there's no cover charge."

Seahawks fans also have a haven, at Smoke Ranch Junction on the city's West Side.

"Sure, we're having a big super Bowl party," said a voice at the other end.

"We'll have a free buffet and drink specials."

Bars rely on regulars for most super Sunday business, but emphasize their shindigs are open to the public, which, in fact, they ardently pursue.

Those seeking something truly spectacular might give the Red Rooster a whirl; it's a swinging joint.

The Seattle-Pittsburgh match-up will be shown on big-screen TVs and a buffet will be served.

BYOB.

Cost is $40 for couples and single men; single women are free. No tickets will be sold in advance.

A dress code will be in effect: Men, boxers only; women, just panties.

// posted by 58378 @ 5:01 AM 0 comments

The most notorious sports video game of the year is available. Many critics and even devoted madden fans have been perturbed with madden recently because they have been the same old madden. Some would even go as far as to say that there has not been many innovative features after madden 2005 (which introduced the hit stick). Others believe that Electronic Arts is not striving to make the best nfl game because there is no competition. Since EA bought the exclusive nfl rights, they have been making the same old madden video games. madden 2008 is an exception to that rule because it is brilliant.

After an average three iterations of madden that have disappointed fans, madden 2008 will definitely please fans. The visuals are amazing on the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3, but they are dreadful on the nintendo Wii. Players will notice is that the somewhat vexing Tony Bruno is no longer doing his absurd radio show, and the gratuitous newspaper information is nowhere to be seen. The gameplay is more fluid than previous iterations of madden. Gamers will realize that the players do not arbitrarily run around the field like Bobby Brown addicted to crack cocaine anymore. There have been some minor alterations to the hit stick; moreover, high and low tackles can be executed. The pass rush is more realistic in madden 2008 than in madden 2007.

You cannot expect to pick up the blitz with only five offensive linemen; you ned to alter your protection and blocking schemes. Quarterbacks will be more precocious because high IQ quarterbacks like Peyton Manning will be able to see what play the defense is running. To counter this, defenders with high IQ will be able to view what play the offense is running. Players with low intelligence like Michael Vick (dog killer) will not be able to read defenses. This feature is only available if the defense or offense runs the same three of four plays every time, but it is still a nice touch and prevents any team from running the same plays every time. Offensively, the highlight stick has been revamped; more maneuvers can be performed on your way to scoring a touchdown. This is incredible because it reduces contemplating what to do next on the field. Wide receivers have some brand new things to do as well.

Spectacular catches and possession catches can be utilized in madden 2008. Many expert madden fans will realize that each receiver plays differently. For instance, Hines Ward will attempt a conservative catch because he is a possession receiver. Conversely, Torry Holt will attempt an aggressive catch because he is a spectacular receiver. Another element about receivers is the chess match with defenses. For example, Terrell Owens (the guy who sabotaged the Eagles 2005-2006 year and helped the New York Giants win their division) will be much easier to play bump and run coverage than a swift receiver like Steve Smith.

This is because Terrell Owens is an easier player to press at the line of scrimmage. The same rule applies for Randy Moss. Substitutions are more of a factor in madden 2008 than last season. Teams like the New Orleans Saints will run a two back system, and Reggie Bush will share the load with Deuce Mcallister. Superstar mode has been overhauled in madden 2008.

Players will have more control on the rating of their created Superstar. He will compete in 40 yard dashes, lift weight, and various other drills to bolster his attributes. This is much more proficient than the asinine DNA mode which was random. Subtle icons are shown under each player to accentuate their field of expertise. For example, Brett Favre has a rocket under his name because he has rocket arm. Overall, madden 2008 has given even the most novice nfl fans something to be elated about. It seems that the madden franchise is finally heading in the right direction.

// posted by 58378 @ 12:50 AM 0 comments